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What You Need to Know About an Electric Heater Electric heaters are an excellent way to give a quick burst of warmth when needed. They are typically rated for a specific size room and include features such as thermostats, overheat switches, and timers. An electric heater converts electrical energy into heat through the use of joules to heat. The heating element is composed of nichrome wire and ceramic insulators. Resistor The resistor is a device that reduces voltage and absorbs a portion of it in the form of heat. It works by converting electrical energy into thermal energy, and wasting just a fraction of watt. This process is found in many electric light bulbs as well as heating elements. The resistance of the resistor is determined by its thickness, the material used and other characteristics. The greater the resistance of the resistor, the more energy will be lost. This is due to the fact that higher currents lead to more electrons within the resistor and more electrons lead to more collisions between them. The greater the temperature, the more collisions take place. In general resistors have a maximum power rating that they can safely dissipate, which is usually somewhere between 1/8W (0.125W) and 1W. Resistors with a higher power rating are often called “power resistors,” and are distinguished by their larger package size. The maximum power rating of a resistor can be determined by the package it is packaged in, or by comparing its physical dimension to other resistors with a known power rating. Electric heaters are specialized types of power resistors made to convert electricity into heat. They can generate convective heat by moving air over the resistor, or radiant heat by emitting infrared radiation. They are often used in conjunction with fans to boost the heating efficiency. If the power rating of a resistor exceeds the power rating the resistor will get hotter and cause damage to nearby components. In extreme cases it could even become self-igniting and cause an ignition. To prevent this from happening, it is recommended that a resistor is installed to limit the current. Heater resistors are marked with an identifier color that indicates its value, along with other information, like the accuracy of manufacturing and the temperature coefficient. A six-banded resistance, for example, will have five bands that indicate its digits, and the sixth band will tell you the multiplier and tolerance. If you'd like to calculate the value of your own resistor, there are a variety of online calculators that can be used. Coil Electric heating coils are the heart of any electrically powered device which makes use of heat to heat liquids or objects. These heaters use the process known as conduction to convert electricity into heat. They can be designed in a variety of shapes based on their purpose. Electric heating coils also produce a large amount heat in a short amount of time, which makes them ideal for applications that require rapid temperature changes and high thermal efficiency. The core of an electric heating coil is an intricately wound structure made of metal wires. This tightly packed structure allows the largest number of wires to be contained in the smallest space, thereby increasing conductivity. The coil can be constructed to be insulated in a variety of ways, depending on its purpose. For example, the insulation of an electric heater used for liquid immersion could be made of a non-flammable material like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyester or polyimide, while a coil used in cryogenic applications is typically lined with molybdenum disilicide. In addition to offering protection against the elements, these materials also offer resistance to oxidation and corrosion which makes them suitable for many industrial applications. Stainless steel is the most common element for a heater coil, but nickel-chrome and iron-chromium-aluminum alloys are also commonly used. These alloys have a great balance of cost, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Because the metals in the heating coil are subjected to high temperatures and corrosive environments, they must be protected from damage. These protections include sealants and coatings, improved drainage and ventilation, regular maintenance, and inspections. Moisture intrusion is a different issue which needs to be addressed. It can damage the heater's internal components and reduce its life span. Coils are also used in other devices, like ovens, water tanks and furnaces. They can be formed to different shapes based on the intended use and are often printed onto substrates such as aluminum 6061-T6, mica sheets (muscovite, phlogopite or muscovite), or conductive plastic. They can be coated with various materials, including nickel, silver and gold to enhance their appearance. Thermostat While you probably don't think about it a lot the thermostat is a very important component of your home comfort system. The primary function of a thermostat is to turn the heater ON and OFF to ensure that it can maintain your preferred temperature setting. It also allows you to adjust the temperature based on your daily routine. This is great for those with an unpredictable schedule. The most commonly used type of thermostat is the electronic digital model that you can program using an app on your smartphone or computer interface. Certain models have a learning feature that adapts to your lifestyle. You'll never again have to worry about when you'll be home for dinner. In the old thermostats that were not digital, the electrical circuit would be controlled by bimetal coils or a metal band which would expand or contract based on the temperature. When the strip expanded or contracted, a mercury switch tipped and activated the relay, which turned on the heating. Then, as the strip was cooling, it bent back and snapped away from its initial position, which turned off the heating. Modern electronic thermostats are more precise than electromechanical ones, using the use of a temperature sensor and a tiny relay. It's easy to comprehend the workings of an electromechanical thermostat by examining its parts. A thermometer with mercury in it is one of the most important components. When you turn the lever on the thermostat upwards or down, it spins the coil, which then tilts the mercury switch in one direction or the other. If the mercury switch tips to the left the current flows through it and activates the relay, which turns on the heater. However, as the room gets hotter, the mercury switches to right and interrupts the circuit which means that the heater is shut off. As the room cools down, the mercury returns to its original position and the heater turns on again. If you continue to alter the temperature on your electric thermostat, it may require overtime to keep up with your changing preferences, which causes it to consume more energy than it is required to. Timer A wall heater timer lets you to schedule your lighting and heating. It comes with a built-in clock that will automatically turn on and off your lights or heaters at the time you set. It can also save you money on your daily energy bills by preventing unnecessary use. These devices are mostly employed in homes, however they are also used in commercial facilities as well as industrial areas. By controlling the timing of when circuits are turned off and off, they provide convenience, energy efficiency, and security. They can be connected to appliances like lights, water pumps, and ovens. electric fire stove are an excellent choice for those who want to manage their electrical appliances without the need for a complicated programmer or a computer. Connecting a timer switch to an extension cord or outlet will allow you to set it. Connect the appliance you wish to control. Depending on the model you can connect multiple devices at once. Some models have a socket in the middle of the timer, while others have an outlet on the side or below it. There are a variety of plug-in timer switches, including ones that can be controlled by tablets or smartphones. Most mechanical timers have an hourly dial with half-hour and half-hour markings. They also have little teeth that you can pull outwards to set the “ON” time, and then push backwards to set the “OFF” time. You can also find models with multiple sets that allow you to change the time of on and off for different days of the week. Keep in mind that mechanical timers can not always work correctly particularly if their internal clock is slightly off. If your timer does not turn on or off when it should, check the wiring for any problems and make sure that all pins are pressed in correctly. If you're still having trouble getting it to function, it's best to seek professional help. Alternatively, electric log burner stove can replace the timer with a fresh one. It is recommended to keep the timer in a safe place, away from pets and children.